Thursday, June 29, 2023

Japan's Oldest Lighthouse is in Yokosuka

Spotlight on Lighthouses as they Shift from Beacons at Sea to Tourist Attractions - The Japan News (yomiuri.co.jp)

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Western-style lighthouses built in conjunction with Japan’s modernization have come into the spotlight in recent years, as their historical value and beauty is reevaluated.

With the spread of global positioning systems, lighthouses are losing their role as beacons on the sea, but at the same time they are increasingly being used as tourism resources.

On Jan. 17, Rintaro Itai and Miu Miyakawa, who are both 23-year-old company employees in Chuo Ward, Tokyo, visited the Kannonsaki Lighthouse in Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture.

Looking up at the lighthouse, they were captivated by what they called “the integrated beauty of the sea, mountains and lighthouse.”

The two learned about the lighthouse on social media. Last year, they also visited the Inubosaki Lighthouse in Choshi, Chiba Prefecture. The shapes of the lighthouses were “cute,” they said, adding that they created good memories by climbing up the lighthouses.

The Kannonsaki Lighthouse went into operation in 1869 as the first Western-style lighthouse in Japan. It was destroyed in the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923, and the current structure, which was rebuilt two years later, has now become a tourist attraction.

The Tokokai, a public interest incorporated body that promotes knowledge about lighthouses, has designated 16 lighthouses in Japan as “climbable lighthouses” with permission from the Japan Coast Guard. A donation of ¥300 is collected from visitors to preserve historical data on the lighthouses, among other purposes.


The First Japanese Ship to Cross the Pacific Ocean

 


Yokosuka and the defense of Edo Bay

 


U.S. Navy "Black Ships" Contributions to Japan's Modernization

 


Friday, May 26, 2023

2022 Windsurfing Championship at Tsukuihama Beacn

Follow-on to a previous article about Yokosuka's Tsukuihama beach & windsurfing (link):


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The “Fly ANA Windsurfing World Cup in Yokosuka Miura Japan” was completed on Tuesday, 15 November 2022.

The PWA Windsurfing World Cup is an annual world tour that travels to about ten countries, mainly in Europe, where the world best competes for the world’s number one position.

This year’s event was the final round of the World Tour, and for the first time the World Champion was born in Japan.

The event, usually held in May, was changed to November, and featured very good wind conditions. This compares to an average northerly wind in November 2019, as measured by the Yokosuka Fire Department, of only 3.9 m/s.

The races were competed in a ‘slalom’ zigzag course from upwind to downwind with multiple marked buoys, where windsurfers can gain the most speed.

The men’s record speed was approximately 100 km/h.

The area off the Tsukuihama coast, where the race takes place, is known as one of the best “slopes” in Japan, where the wind blows from the sea, making it ideal for this slalom.

In addition to the powerful spectacle at sea, large LED monitors were set up on land allowing spectators to join in the event by providing a detailed view of the race.

Live images were streamed from onboard a vessel and drone.

Spectators received real time easy to understand information on the large screen monitor including an introduction of the offshore course, explanation of the rules , various commentary charts and additional diagrams entered by the commentator.

More information at this link:

Thursday, April 27, 2023

Chat GPT

Yokosuka becomes Japan's first city to use ChatGPT for administrative tasks | The Japan Times

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(The Japan Times; April 20, 2023) .... The city of Yokosuka in Kanagawa Prefecture has a few claims to fame: It’s home to a major U.S. naval base, it’s the birthplace of former Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, and it lends its name to a local variation of Japanese curry.

On Thursday, it staked out a new claim as the first municipality in the country to use ChatGPT in its municipal offices.

Roughly 4,000 employees at Yokosuka’s municipal government office began using the artificial intelligence-powered chatbot, which was created by OpenAI late last year, for a one-month trial in efforts to improve operations.

“With the population decreasing, the number of employees is limited. However, there are many administrative challenges,” said Takayuki Samukawa, a public relations representative for Yokosuka’s digital management department.

“So we aim to use useful ICT tools, like ChatGPT, to free up human resources for things that can only be done in a person-to-person format.”

The move comes in the wake of OpenAI CEO Sam Altman’s visit to Japan, which included a meeting with Prime Minister Fumio Kishida earlier this month, during what was his first overseas trip since the chatbot’s launch. Altman also announced that OpenAI would aim to open an office in Japan in the near future.

In light of the visit, Chief Cabinet Secretary Hirokazu Matsuno said that, after first addressing security concerns, the government would work to “use AI to reduce the workloads of national public servants.” Matsuno’s statement came just days after digital minister Taro Kono also spoke of AI’s potential use for government administrative tasks.

In Yokosuka, Samukawa said a team was gathered to think of ways ChatGPT could be beneficial to the city. Through the trial period, the city’s hope is to use the tool to assist in tasks like summarization, copy ideation for marketing and communications, drafting the basis for administrative documents and perfecting easy-to-understand language.

While the use of chatbots has raised security issues, Yokosuka had also heard concerns from the general public about potential leaks of personal information by its human staff members.

However, Samukawa offered assurances that Yokosuka intends to use the tool in line with OpenAI’s typical security policy.

ChatGPT will be tested among Yokosuka employees in conjunction with “LoGo Chat,” a local government-focused chat service already in use by Yokosuka employees.

As for whether other municipalities might follow Yokosuka’s lead in tapping ChatGPT for administrative help, Samukawa said the city doesn’t intend to serve as an example for other local governments across Japan.

“It just happened to be the right time,” he said. “It’s up to each municipality to think of how they can use these tools.”

Friday, April 7, 2023

More on Yokosuka Arts Theater...

Previously:

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The "Club Alliance" is located prominently by the main gate of the large USN & JMSDF naval base in Yokosuka.  It was built and opened in the early-1980s as a replacement for the Enlisted Men's Club (EM Club), which was originally in a 1930s-era building situated off-base, near Keikyu Railway's Shioiri Station.  The old EM Club (also named "Alliance") operated from 1947 to 1980 and was the largest of its kind in the world.

Link:  Discover Yokosuka 横須賀奥旨: Yokosuka Power Spot Number 3 --- The "EM Club" (deepyokosuka.blogspot.com) 

When the old EM Club was demolished, Yokosuka City Government decided to build a large entertainment venue on the site -- and after a decade of planning & construction, in 1994, the Yokosuka Arts Theater (横須賀芸術劇場 / Yokosuka Geijustsu Geki-jo) was opened.  

Yokosuka Arts Theater is a large, world-class performance & concert facility.  It is designed as an opera house, where 1,806 seats are arranged in a horseshoe pattern and includes four levels of high balconies.  There is also a small theater called "The Bay Side Pocket", which seats 600 and is a multipurpose space with a flat level floor that can be used for a variety of activities.

The schedule of performances at Yokosuka Arts Theater is always busy and the current line-up can be seen at the link provided below.  Of interest, the old EM Club was known as a "Birthplace of Jazz in Japan", and that history is memorialized by a wonderful/dynamic live concert held every summer called: "Yokosuka Jazz Dreams".

 


    







 


 

The Meiji Constitution was drafted in Yokosuka

A monument commemorating the location where the Meiji Constitution was drafted exists on the western edge of Natsujima, but was originally erected on the grounds of the Yokosuka Naval Air Station.

(Info on Natsushima: Discover Yokosuka 横須賀奥旨: Search results for natsushima (deepyokosuka.blogspot.com)

In drafting the Imperial Constitution, Hirobumi Ito and others involved were working at an inn called Azumaya in Kanazawa. However, because the draft, which had been stored in a luggage case, was stolen, the location was moved to Hirobumi Ito's villa on Natsushima. The monument was erected at the location of the workroom in this villa.

Natsujima was later cut down to build an airfield for the naval air force during the Taisho era (1912-1926), and the surrounding area was reclaimed and connected to the land. As a result, this place became the site of the air force airfield and other facilites.

After the war, the monument was renovated in 1951, and the unveiling ceremony was held again, but later was moved again, when the site became the property of Nissan Motor Co.

The granite monument that now stands in the center of the site was newly built during the renovation in 1951, and originally consisted only of a stone slab for the foundation. This was done so as not to affect the plane's runway. Instead, a copper plate engraved with a plan of the villa was embedded in the center, but it was stolen after the war and has not survived. Incidentally, the existing inscription on the copper plate was also stolen, but was miraculously found and restored/embedded in its original position.


















Meiji Constitution, constitution of Japan from 1889 to 1947. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), Japan’s leaders sought to create a constitution that would define Japan as a capable, modern nation deserving of Western respect while preserving their own power. The resultant document, largely the handiwork of the genro (elder statesman) Itō Hirobumi, called for a bicameral parliament (the Diet) with an elected lower house and a prime minister and cabinet appointed by the emperor. The emperor was granted supreme control of the army and navy. A privy council composed of the Meiji genro, created prior to the constitution, advised the emperor and wielded actual power. Voting restrictions, which limited the electorate to about 5 percent of the adult male population, were loosened over the next 25 years, resulting in universal male suffrage. Political parties made the most of their limited power in the 1920s, but in the 1930s the military was able to exert control without violating the constitution. After World War II, a U.S.-approved constitution stating that “sovereign power resides with the people” replaced the Meiji Constitution.


Thursday, March 9, 2023

Yokosuka's Museum

An article from July 2014:


  The Yokosuka Museum of Nature and Humanities, located in Fukatadai, celebrated its 60th anniversary this year. The museum, which exhibits flora and fauna of the Miura Peninsula as well as historical materials, has served as an academic center with approximately 50,000 visitors in the last fiscal year. A special exhibition is planned to be held on Saturday, the 19th of this month to show specimens of a rare species of "Mitsukuri Shark" caught in Sagami Bay.

 The Yokosuka City Museum, the museum's predecessor, opened 60 years ago in 1954 in Kurihama. In 1970, the natural science section was relocated to Fukatadai, where it currently resides, as the "Nature Museum. Thirteen years later, in 1983, with the closing of the Kurihama Branch, the Humanities Department was relocated to Fukadadai and renamed the current "Yokosuka City Museum of Nature and Humanities. The museum has a rich collection of materials from the pre-Jomon period to modern times, including picture scrolls from the time of Perry's arrival and a model of the Yokosuka Iron Works. Currently in Kurihama, the Perry Memorial Museum, built in 1987 as part of the city's 80th anniversary project, is open.

 The museum exhibits fossils of Naumann elephant bones discovered in Okine, former Nagai-cho, as well as haniwa clay figures and earthenware excavated from the Miura Peninsula. The museum is also known for the fact that Nobuyoshi Oba, a world-class researcher of fireflies and other luminous creatures, was the curator of the museum. The "Neutrino Exhibition" held the year after local native Masatoshi Koshiba was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics once attracted nearly 100,000 visitors during the exhibition period.

Tuesday, February 28, 2023

Ghoulish Area Near the Edo-Era Lighthouse

A historic lighthouse used to exist near Uraga -- Called "TOMYO-DO", it helped to guide ships safely in in-and-out of Edo (Tokyo) Bay for 220 years .... More information at the link below...


  













Link:


Also, there is a local urban legend that an area nearby the lighthouse was used as an execution ground, or KUBI-KIRI-JO ( 首切り場 -- Head-Chopping Area )...

A visitor to the site left the following description in his/her Blog:


"It is said that a large number of human bones were dug out from this place at the end of the Edo period, and it is believed that human bones may still be buried there.  Some say that the human remains were casualties of a battle between the Satomi clan, which invaded from Boso in the Warring States period (1556), and the Hojo clan, which defended Sagami, and that they were victims of a shipwreck off the coast of this area.  Another old tale, told by an old man, says that this place near the (URAGA) magistrate's office used to be a place of execution where many criminals were taken out and beheaded.  Legend has it that as the criminals were being executed, their desperate cries, the cries of their families, and the noise of the onlookers could be heard all the way to the Kamoi gate on the opposite shore, where usually only the sound of the waves could be heard.  A 6-meter-high "Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo" monument was erected in 1840 on the very spot where such a sad legend was left behind."



Popular Yokosuka Izakaya Cocktail

There is a mixed drink, which is very popular in Yokosuka's pubs, or IZAKAYA (居酒屋 ) and is called: called "Hoppy" (ホッピー.) 


Hoppy is a bottled, beer-like, fizzy beverage, containing almost no alcohol, and it is served ice cold. Along with the bottle of Hoppy, a beer mug (or large glass) about one-quarter-filled with "Sho-chu" (焼酎 -- Japanese hard liquor, distilled from grains or vegetables) will be provided as part of the order.   To make the cocktail, you simply pour the Hoppy forcefully into the beer mug to create a nice foamy mix, and then drink.

 

Hoppy is made in both light/lager and dark/black flavors and has less calories than normal beers. Hoppy is a unique beer-flavored cocktail and goes well with the various food items served at IZAKAYAs. 


There is an urban legend that Hoppy got its name in Yokosuka from American sailors who said that drinking it made them feel "happy." However, its real roots go back to the 1920s~1930s, when a company in Nagano Prefecture first produced it as a non-alcoholic soft drink using hops. 


In the tough/lean years following World War II, many Japanese could not afford real beer, so mixing Hoppy with cheap Sho-chu became the alternative, and Hoppy cocktails have remained very popular through the present day. 


Of interest, in a way, Hoppy is Japan's version of what is known in America as a "Boilermaker."




Tuesday, January 31, 2023

Tokyo Bay's Battleship Island

https://daini-kaiho.jp/en/spot/

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== No.2 Sea Fort, The Battleship Island of the East!

No.2 Sea Fort is a large gun battery base island that has been an inaccessible without the government permission for many years.

It was built between mid-Meiji period (1867-1911) and Taisho period (1912-1925).

The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) was stationed there before WWII, and later the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN, in nearby Yokosuka) used the island as the key spot to protect Tokyo. After WWII it was occupied by Allied Forces, but even after the island was returned to the Japanese government, visitors without government permission were never allowed on the land because of the abandoned military ruins.

The island was cloaked in secrecy for several decades. Finally in 2019, just when Japan changed from the Heisei era to the Reiwa era the long awaited travel agency approved landing tours started.












No.2 Sea Fort was built from scratch. Originally, there were only rocky surfaces and sand on the bottom of the ocean. First, the breakwater had to be created, then a pier to moor the ships and after that, many big rocks were dumped into the ocean to form the island’s foundation. This breakwater was the first known one in Japanese history. The breakwater was originally higher and longer, but was greatly damaged by the Great Kanto Earthquake.













As you land on the island from the northside berth, you will see large diamond shaped rocks piled around the pier. They’re called “Kenchi-Ishi [ken-chee-ee-shee]” and were part of the original seawall constructed in Meiji era. This construction technology is based on Japanese castle building. The large rocks are placed, then small stones are packed in between the spaces and hardened with mortar, making the construction very strong and sturdy. With its solid structure, they have survived waves and huge typhoons. Later, this technology was shared with United States of America. You can see how they were built from the northside of lighthouse.

Monday, January 30, 2023

Godzilla On The Beach


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YOKOSUKA, Japan — The "Godzilla" series started in 1954. In the middle of the first film, a warning is broadcast as the nation braces for attack by the giant monster: "Godzilla has been detected undersea 15 miles northeast of Kannonzaki cape, moving toward the northwest."

Spotted first off the cape in Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture, Godzilla lands on Tokyo's Shibaura waterfront, sweeps away high-voltage barbed-wire fences, stomps off unscathed by a barrage of bombardments and soon turns the bustling Shimbashi and Ginza districts into a sea of fire.

In other words, the monster never set foot on the grounds of Yokosuka or destroyed the port city. Even so, Yokosukans strongly feel Godzilla still has a deep connection with their city.

The late Shigeo Kimura, president of now-defunct Yokohama-based travel agency Kannonzaki Kanko, initiated a project. His 70-year-old son Hideo says his father had the idea of building a Godzilla-shaped slide in the city after watching the scene of the alert broadcast in the film when he went to see it with Hideo, who was a primary school student back then.

At that time, the city's Kannonzaki area, including Tatara Beach, was a popular destination for excursions, but its only attraction back then was a lighthouse. Shigeo therefore expected the project would turn the area into a popular tourist spot where children could play safely, according to Hideo.

However, Shigeo could not get permission to use the character. In 1958, he instead built a slide of a "dinosaur," labeling it as a "Tyrannosaurus." However, children reacted to the object by saying, "Godzilla's on Tatara Beach," and news of a Godzilla slide spread by word of mouth.

For 15 years after that, the dinosaur-shaped slide was a popular piece of equipment for children to play on at the beach until it was torn down due to the wear and tear of age and corrosion by salty winds. The slide also helped connect Yokosuka and Godzilla.

"Amid postwar uncertainty, my father spent all his efforts to make this area a safe and peaceful place, while trying to boost local tourism. But I never expected that this place would become so famous for Godzilla," Hideo said.

In a bid to re-create the beloved slide, members of Yokosuka's Young Entrepreneurs Group (YEG) stepped up 20 years after the original side was torn down.

Kiyoshi Tanimoto, who used to play on the slide on the beach, took the initiative in the hope of creating "a new landmark in Yokosuka." The project was launched in 1994.

YEG members collected about 113,000 signatures to ask Toho Co., the copyright holder of the "Godzilla" series, for permission to use the character, while soliciting financial support from citizens and companies in a bid to set up a slide. Kurihama Flower Park in Yokosuka, about five kilometers from Tatara Beach, was picked as the location for the new slide.

The new slide was unveiled on Nov. 3, 1999, the 45th anniversary of the release of the first "Godzilla" film. As the National Defense Academy's brass band played, the Godzilla slide was unveiled, revealing a design supervised by Koichi Kawakita, who had directed the special effects in the series.

The 8.75-meter-high, 10.04-meter-long object weighs five tons. The plates that surround the slide's foundation bear an illustration of Godzilla and are engraved with the copyright "©1999 TOHO TOHO EIGA."

"This really is the fruit of our passion. There is no other moment that was more satisfying than that," Tanimoto said.

The Godzilla theme song is used as the melody of Keikyu railway's Uraga Station, near Tatara Beach. Godzilla thus is certainly taking root in Yokosuka.

"Shin Godzilla," the first Japanese Godzilla movie in 12 years, is scheduled to open in July.

"We'd like to make the resurgent Godzilla slide a source of pride in our hometown and cherish it for a long time," Tanimoto said.

Monday, January 23, 2023

Yokosuka and Jazz



NEWS | Sept. 17, 2018

7th Fleet Band Performs American Sound in Yokosuka

By Commander, U.S. 7th Fleet Public Affairs Office

YOKOSUKA, Japan – The U.S. 7th Fleet Band and the Yokosuka Symphony Orchestra performed in a joint concert at the Yokosuka Arts Theater in Yokosuka, Japan Sept. 16.

 

This was the 9th annual performance of American Sound in Yokosuka which is an event that brings two musical groups together for one day.

 

The orchestra was conducted by Yokosuka Symphony’s Masaki Ishino and Lieutenant Junior Grade Luis E. Espinosa, Bandmaster for U.S. 7th Fleet Band. The symphony was also conducted by Tokyo Symphony’s Kazuyoshi Akiyama, one of Japan’s most renowned orchestral conductors who has conducted around the world for over 50 years.

 

The Yokosuka Symphony Orchestra was comprised of 85 musicians and 22 7th Fleet musicians. Fortunately, one of the U.S. Sailors spoke Japanese and bridged the language barrier, translating for both groups.

 

“Everybody is so nice, helpful and musically talented,” said Musician First Class Tony Carter (SW). “It’s such a joyous opportunity. They’re extremely excited every year to host us and we’re excited as well.”

 

This show is the 7th Fleet Band’s biggest event they perform around Yokosuka. The orchestra hosted around 1850 guests and was free to attend. The 7th Fleet Band usually performs several local events after American Sounds in Yokosuka for the community.

 

“The Seventh Fleet band continues to strengthen well established relationships with the local community of Yokosuka through presentations like these,” said Espinosa. “This particular event is so well regarded and effective in creating a positive image for our Navy that attendance is guaranteed to be at capacity.”

 

The joint portion took five all-hands rehearsals and a full run-through for approximately 16 hours to prepare for this event.

 

“The People of Japan think highly of traditions, the arts and culture,” said Espinosa. “They have a deep appreciation for the amount of time it takes to master the art of music and see concerts as an opportunity to learn from you personally and share of themselves with you. One of our communication strategies that guides us is to share America's culture through the language of music. The Seventh Fleet Band, along with many other musicians after WWII are credited for bringing Jazz to Japan's shores, and the Pacific Ambassadors Big Band has continued to cement our relationship through that same language. These events also give opportunities for the people of our host nation to see US Navy Sailors first hand and share their positive experience (and selfies) with others around them.”

 

The U.S. 7th Fleet Band is one of 11 U.S. Navy Fleet Bands, this unit provides musical support for ships, military bases, foreign dignitaries, and many community relations events throughout the Western Pacific.

Yokosuka Burning Coal for Electricity


A 1.3GW coal-fired power plant is under construction at the former Yokosuka thermal power station site near the port of Kurihama, in the Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.

Yokosuka is one of the 22 new coal-fired power plants planned to be built in Japan by 2025 and it is the only coal-fired facility being constructed in Japan’s Greater Tokyo area.

The Yokosuka coal-fired power plant is being developed by Japan’s Energy for New Era (JERA), a 50:50 joint venture between Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) and Chubu Electric.

Construction on the 1.3GW Yokosuka coal-fired facility was started in August 2019, while the two new units are scheduled to come online by 2023 and 2024, respectively.

Location and site details

The two-unit coal-fired power plant is being developed on the former Yokosuka thermal power plant site that has a 60-year long history of serving Japan’s electricity needs.

The Yokosuka thermal power plant is located on a 202acre-site near the Yokosuka city in the Kanagawa Prefecture, in Japan’s Tokyo Bay area.

Yokosuka coal-fired power plant details

The Yokosuka coal-based power plant will be equipped with two ultra-supercritical (USC) coal-fired units of 650MW capacity each.

The USC units are designed to operate at greater efficiency by utilising a lesser amount of coal and emitting lesser quantities CO2 and SO2 compared to conventional coal-fired units.

JERA proposed to replace the pre-existing Yokosuka thermal power facility with two modern and efficient coal-fired generating units in September 2016.

It established the special-purpose company JERA Power Yokosuka to build and operate the new coal-based power plant at the Yokosuka site in March 2017.

The final environmental impact assessment (EIS) for the 1.3GW Yokosuka coal-fired power project was approved by the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI), Government of Japan, in November 2018.

Controversy over the Yokosuka coal power project

In 2019, the Yokosuka coal-fired power project witnessed protests and opposition from local environmental groups against the CO2 emissions and air pollutants from the new generating units.

A group of residents of Yokosuka also sued the central government against the approval of an allegedly simplified environmental impact assessment report for the project by launching an administrative lawsuit in the Tokyo District Court in May 2019.

Yokosuka thermal power station history

Named after the nearby city, the Yokosuka thermal power station was developed with eight generating units for a total installed capacity of 2.2GW. It was owned and operated by TEPCO Fuel & Power, a subsidiary of TEPCO.

The facility comprised six 350MW steam turbine units running on heavy and crude oil, and two gas turbine units of 30MW and 144MW capacities that operated on light oil and city gas.

The six 350MW oil-fired units were commissioned between 1964 and 1970, while the 30MW gas turbine unit was brought online as an emergency generating facility in July 1971 and the 144MW gas turbine unit was commissioned in September 2007.

All of the operating units at the Yokosuka thermal power station were decommissioned between 2004 and 2010.

However, in the wake of the March 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daichi nuclear disaster, two 350MW oil-fired units, as well as two gas turbine units of the Yokosuka thermal power plant, were restarted and operated as an emergency power generating facility until 2014.

All units of the Yokosuka thermal power station were fully decommissioned by March 2017.

Saturday, January 21, 2023

Lord Oguri



Just as Japanese of the late nineteenth century faced disorder as they approached a new millennium, so too did Japanese citizens of the 1990s. The bursting of the bubble economy, government scandals, calamities such as the Kobe earthquake, and the sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway in 1995, were just some of the reasons why many referred to the 1990s as the “lost decade.” The previous heroes still remained in the popular imagination, but new ones emerged, particularly those on the losing side of the Meiji Restoration. One such figure was Oguri Tadamasa, a former samurai bureaucrat who worked for the Tokugawa regime. He provides us with an example of how the losers of the Restoration were rehabilitated in the national consciousness and how the efforts of local people, rather than academics or famous writers, affect the landscape of national memory.

Oguri’s background did not fit those of the typical Restoration heroes. He opposed any compromise with the emperor, the court, or the major daimyō, and advocated fighting against the imperial forces, a position for which he was killed in the spring of 1868. In the dominant historical narrative of the Meiji Restoration, Oguri was either vilified or ignored. In the late nineteenth century, former Tokugawa shogunate officials mourned his death as a great loss for modern Japan, and used him as a way to critique the Meiji government. But as a middle-aged, married bureaucrat, his past lacked the adventure that inspired political activists.

Oguri’s image as a local hero in Gunma Prefecture, where he was killed, enjoyed a resurgence in 1915. It was the fiftieth anniversary of the Yokosuka naval base, and Oguri’s one legacy that had an impact on prewar Japan, owing to its role in Japan’s naval victories. Local Gunma historians participated in the Yokosuka City celebrations, passing out pamphlets containing a short biography of Oguri. In 1922, Yokosuka City wanted to build a bust of Oguri and the French architect who constructed the Yokosuka naval base. City officials received contributions from Gunma citizens who became more aware of Oguri as a local hero. Gunma historians wrote articles about Oguri convincing citizens of the need to recognize him as a local and national hero.

Until the 1990s, Oguri had little presence in national popular culture as it related to the Restoration. The only national attention he received occurred when television followed the exploits of would-be treasure hunters, searching for the Tokugawa shogunate money reputedly buried in the mountains of Gunma. According to the legend, Oguri had been charged with burying some of the shogunate’s money for later use against domestic enemies.

Locals succeeded in promoting Oguri to a larger audience. Historians wrote more books about Oguri, Gunma television stations produced documentaries and historical dramas about him, and anniversary celebrations of his life, held at the temple where Oguri lived, gave him greater exposure in the region. The Prefectural Governor and the mayors of Kurabuchi Village (where Oguri was killed) and Yokosuka City petitioned NHK to create a drama about him. In January of 2001, the first full treatment of his life appeared in the annual New Year historical drama. Since then, more books and his own manga series have come out, and he has even made it into a Japanese high school history textbook, sure signs of his rising status in Japanese historical consciousness.

In the 1990s, historical novelists visited Gunma to learn more about Oguri, and adopted many of the major narrative themes of his life from local researchers. In 1994, Shiba Ryōtarō wrote of Oguri:

Oguri was a patriot in every bone of his body, but he wasn’t the type to talk about patriotism. Real patriotism is not about getting loaded and letting the tears flow while talking big. In such times, there are as many of those kinds of patriots as there are dogs in the mountains, fields and towns barking so loudly it bursts my eardrums. Oguri was not that kind of patriot. He sent a new energy through the day to day affairs (of government).15

This differed from his portrayal of Oguri in Ryōma Goes, where Shiba blames Oguri for endangering Japan’s independence by relying too much on the French.16 The extent to which he has changed his mind over the last twenty years suggests just how far Japan has gone in reassessing its past.

Friday, December 30, 2022

JR Yokosuka Station

During the latter half of 2022, as things finally started to normalize again following the COVID-19 pandemic, more public events and festivals have been occurring in Yokosuka City.

One such event, the "YY Nori-mono Festa", was held in areas around JR Yokosuka Station on 03-04 December.

The first one was held in 2009 as part of an event to commemorate the 120th anniversary of the establishment of JR Yokosuka Station... 
 
  "The Yokosuka Line opened between Ofuna and Yokosuka in 1889 and was sung in the 'railroad songs' of the Meiji era.  The line was positioned as an important route connecting the capital and military ports and was extended to Kurihama at the request of the Navy in 1944.  The Yokosuka station building was reconstructed to its present form in 1940, but it is known as a station building without stairs, and some of the pillars supporting the roof of the platform are reused old railroad rails with an engraving from 1886."




   
























Wednesday, December 28, 2022

花の国 (HANA NO KUNI) -- "Flower World"

One special characteristic of Yokosuka City is that some of its large parks are located on land which used to be used for military purposes. During the decades following the end of World War II, many Japanese Imperial Army and Navy facilities and training areas were converted for civilian use. One good example is 中央平和公園 (CHUO HEIWA KOEN), or "Central Peace Park", which used to be a coastal defense artillery battery.  In Yokosuka's southern Kurihama district, there is a large and unique/beautiful park called 花の国 (HANA NO KUNI) -- "Flower World", where vast fields of seasonal Poppy and Cosmos flowers can be viewed and enjoyed. HANA NO KUNI also has walking trails, an herb garden complex (with foot bath), and a huge area with playground equipment for children to enjoy. Of special interest, there is one of Japan's largest statues of Godzilla located in the same area -- and the reason for its being there is because, according to local urban legend, when Godzilla rose from the depths of the ocean and swam into Tokyo Bay, it first stepped ashore on a nearby beach in Kannonzaki, Yokosuka. HANA NO KUNI takes up a large amount of real estate and owes its existence to the fact that the land was originally used by the Japanese Imperial Navy for a large number of warehouses and ammunition storage facilities. From 1945 to 1972, the area was under the control of the U.S. military, and that kept it from being built-upon -- so the natural features and greenery were preserved. Following the return of the area to Japan, plans and arrangements were eventually made for Yokosuka City to convert it into a park, and HANA NO KUNI was opened for visitors in 1988 -- and it soon became very popular, attracting over 500,000 visitors per year.



















Art Objects at Fishing Park

 





Tuesday, November 29, 2022

Yokosuka Central Park's Monument: "Axis of Peace"






































Renewal of a peace-themed monument was carried out in conjunction with the renewal of the Central Park in Yokosuka City.

At sunset, the monument becomes illuminated and emits the light of peace into the sky, representing an axis of unshakable peace.

The circle has the ancient meaning of “infinity, eternity,” and the monument is decorated with many circles drawn by citizens with the wish for lasting peace. 

During the day, it is a place where sunlight pours in. People can feel peace from the light leaking from the circles they have drawn and the open landscape in front of them. 

At night, it is filled with grains of light carrying people’s wishes for peace. Words of peace from around the world come to life.

Manhole Cover Art In Yokosuka

































Yokosuka Overview

The Story of Yokosuka, Japan's Naval Base City | YABAI - The Modern, Vibrant Face of Japan

Where is Yokosuka?

Yokosuka is a core city that is part of the Kanagawa Prefecture, by the middle easternmost coast of Japan. Kanagawa Prefecture falls under the Kanto Region, which is located on the main island of Japan; Honshu.

Zooming back into the city: Yokosuka city is found on a peninsula called “Miura peninsula”. To the west of this peninsula the Pacific Ocean, and to its east is Tokyo Bay. Surrounding Yokosuka are municipalities, namely Miuria, Hayama, Kanazawa-ku Yokohama, and Hayama.

More Information About Yokosuka

Yokosuka city ranks in 12th place in terms of being the most populated in the Kanto region, and 11th when it comes to Greater Tokyo. As of the first of June 2012, Yokosuka was estimated to have a population of 414,960 people, with a density of 4,120 people per square kilometer. The total size of its area measures at 100.7 square kilometers.

The tree that represents Yokosuka is the Prunus speciosa, its symbolic flower is the Crinum asiaticum, and its representative bird is the Common gull. Its current mayor is Katsuaki Ueji.

The History of Yokosuka, Japan

As with many of the other parts of Japan, the area of modern-day Yokosuka was once inhabited by people thousands of years ago, as early as the Paleolithic period (~14,000 B.C.). Archaeologists could prove this from excavating shell middens from this age and found further evidence of the Jomon and Kofun eras from the indicating ceramic shards.

Fast forward a little less than a thousand years later to the Heian period, when trades between countries were becoming more frequent and the exchange of religions and cultures were at their peak. At this point, the feudal warlord or “daimyo” Muroka Tamemichi began to build his kingdom around Yokosuka which would continue for the next few centuries to govern the eastern Sagami Province. Muroka Tamemichi established the beginnings of the Miura clan.

The Nonstop Warring States

The Kamakura period, which occurred between 1185 A.D. to 1333 A.D.. The next periods leading up all the way to when Tokugawa Ieyasu was placed in power, were violent times for the different kingdoms of Japan. Due to the constant bloodshed from sieges, battles, and plots for Kingdom domination. Yokosuka was not spared from this. The Hojo and Miura clans would war neck and neck until Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s firm orders to keep Tokugawa Ieyasu in control over all the region of Kanto.

Being located at the vulnerable eastern coast of Japan and also being in proximity to Tokyo Bay, Yokosuka’s coast was turned into a post named “Uraga Bugyo” by the ruling Shogunate. This would mean that any vessel that was headed to Edo for any reason would first have to make a pit stop here to be inspected. They strengthened their military powers around that area because of the many foreign ships had come by in attempts to coax Japan into opening their doors.

The Opening Of Doors – or Rather, Ports

Eventually, Commodore Perry would come to convince (or rather, intimidate) Japan with his advanced machinery and weaponry to open its doors to exchange with foreigners. This would lead to Bakumatsu period, and eventually, the Meiji period, where Japan’s feudal warlord system and Tokugawa Shogunate was overturned.

War in Japan: The History Behind the Naval Base in Yokosuka

The Bakumatsu period is when Yokosuka was elected to be the site of a naval base. The layout and content of this naval base were engineered by Frenchman Leonce Verny, who included facilities that would construct ships, and everything needed to supply those facilities, such as an Iron Foundry. To prove that Japan was moving forward with the times, they built a Naval Arsenal, which would be known as the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal. As the years would pass, other industrial developments (more foundries, the Hashirimizu waterway, and brick factories) would emerge around the naval base.

The entire Japan went through many drastic changes during the Meiji Period. The Imperial Japanese Navy had complete control of Japan, thus naval districts were strategically fortified, with its headquarters being in Yokosuka, in the Yokosuka Naval District. By 1889, Yokosuka was referred to as Dai-ichi kaigunku, or the “First Naval District”. Warships would dock here, and more establishments would propagate the development as the base, such as the creations of military schools, and the equipment and storage of arsenal for battle.

Yokosuka, during the second world war, saw many bombings placed by the United States Army Air Forces and the United States Navy. Many of its equipment and bases would be later taken over by the allied forces, once the Americans started occupying Japan. Because the United States had infiltrated their naval district and called it theirs in 1945, today, it is called “Shirei-kan kantai katsudo Yokosuka” or “United States Fleet Activities: Yokosuka”.

The U.S. Naval forces Japan still uses Commander Fleet Activities/United States Fleet Activities: Yokosuka as its base in partnership and support of the Naval Forces Japan. The Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force still uses a part of the Yokosuka Naval District, however not the entire base.